docker 操作基础

先查询系统是否已经有docker安装包

安装docker
两种方式，如果从阿里云下载的镜像，默认是不带docker安装包的，需要安装epel-release镜像源
第一种 ，阿里云镜像

[root@control yum.repos.d]# yum install epel-release -y 
[root@control yum.repos.d]# yum install docker-io -y

第二种，官方下载的镜像

[root@control yum.repos.d]# yum install docker -y

两种方法，哪个都可以！

接下来操作部分
启动doker并加入到开机启动

[root@control yum.repos.d]# systemctl start docker
[root@control yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable docker

通过docker info查看简信息

[root@control yum.repos.d]# docker info
Containers: 0
 Running: 0
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 1.13.1
Storage Driver: overlay2
 Backing Filesystem: xfs
 Supports d_type: true
 Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: journald
Cgroup Driver: systemd
Plugins:
 Volume: local
 Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: docker-runc runc
Default Runtime: docker-runc
Init Binary: /usr/libexec/docker/docker-init-current
containerd version:  (expected: aa8187dbd3b7ad67d8e5e3a15115d3eef43a7ed1)
runc version: 8891bca22c049cd2dcf13ba2438c0bac8d7f3343 (expected: 9df8b306d01f59d3a8029be411de015b7304dd8f)
init version: fec3683b971d9c3ef73f284f176672c44b44866

配置docker加速器
容器镜像服务 (aliyun.com)

[root@control docker]# /etc/docker
[root@control docker]# ls
certs.d  daemon.json  key.json  seccomp.json
[root@control docker]# vi daemon.json
先把原来的｛｝删除， 加入以下内容。  
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://zg11lmao.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

下载时间明显缩短

[root@control docker]# time docker run centos
Unable to find image 'centos:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:latest

real    0m39.473s
user    0m0.028s
sys     0m0.108s

实验 2 运行镜像

[root@control docker]# docker -h
Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --help

Usage:  docker COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
      --help               Print usage
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to (default [])
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug", "info", "warn", "error", "fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  container   Manage containers
  image       Manage images
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

docker 拉取镜像

docker pull[选项] [仓库地址] 仓库名:标签
docker pull nginx

docker 运行镜像

docker run 等同于docker pull +docker  create + docker start
docker 常用操作

docker run -itd -v /root:/root -p 80:80 --name aaa  nginx:latest /bin/bash 运行一个最新版本的nginx 容器

docker ps    #查看运行中的容器
docker ps -a #查看所有容器
docker run -itd
           -i 在交互模式下运行
           -t tty伪终端
           -d 在后台运行
           -v 把指定的文件夹，挂载到容器内部的文件夹
           -p 把指定的端口绑给某个容器去使用
           --name 指定容器名字
 nginx:latest   nginx是指容器名称 latest是指标容器上的标签，目前是最新的，如果不加签，也会以最新的版本运行某个容器
 /bin/bash 在运行时容器内部使用/bin/bash解释器

docker start “容器名或者id” 启动容器
docker stop “容器名或者id”  停止容器
docker images 等同于docker image ls 查看容器本地所有镜像

删除容器

[root@control docker]# docker stop 1027d488b7e8
[root@control docker]# docker rm 102 

删除容器的镜像

[root@control docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/nginx     latest              605c77e624dd        11 months ago       141 MB
docker.io/centos    latest              5d0da3dc9764        14 months ago       231 MB
[root@control docker]#
[root@control docker]# docker rmi 605
Untagged: docker.io/nginx:latest
Untagged: docker.io/nginx@sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Deleted: sha256:605c77e624ddb75e6110f997c58876baa13f8754486b461117934b24a9dc3a85
Deleted: sha256:b625d8e29573fa369e799ca7c5df8b7a902126d2b7cbeb390af59e4b9e1210c5
Deleted: sha256:7850d382fb05e393e211067c5ca0aada2111fcbe550a90fed04d1c634bd31a14
Deleted: sha256:02b80ac2055edd757a996c3d554e6a8906fd3521e14d1227440afd5163a5f1c4
Deleted: sha256:b92aa5824592ecb46e6d169f8e694a99150ccef01a2aabea7b9c02356cdabe7c
Deleted: sha256:780238f18c540007376dd5e904f583896a69fe620876cabc06977a3af4ba4fb5
Deleted: sha256:2edcec3590a4ec7f40cf0743c15d78fb39d8326bc029073b41ef9727da6c851f

[root@control docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/centos    latest              5d0da3dc9764        14 months ago       231 MB
[root@control docker]#

一键清理dokcer 停止的容器与无用的镜像

[root@control /]# docker system prune -a
WARNING! This will remove:
        - all stopped containers
        - all volumes not used by at least one container
        - all networks not used by at least one container
        - all images without at least one container associated to them